| Period | Description or name |
| 510-485 BC | First Democracy |
| 485-466 BC | The Deinomenid Tyranny |
| 485-478 BC | -- Gelon, Tyrant of Gela from 491 BC, conquered Syracuse in 485 |
| 478-466 BC | Hieron I, Brother of Gelon |
| 466-406 BC | Second Democracy |
| 412-405 BC | Carthaginians rule Punic Sicily |
| 406-367 BC | Dionysius I |
| 367-344 BC | Dionysius II |
| 357-353 BC | Dion |
| 344-336 BC | Timoleon |
| 336-317 BC | Third Democracy |
| 317-289 BC | Agathokles |
| 289-287 BC | Fourth Democracy |
| 287-278 BC | Hiketas, 287-278 BC. |
| 278-276 BC | Pyrrhos or Pyrrhus |
| 275-215 BC | Hiero or Hieron II |
| | -- Philistis, Wife of Heiron II |
| | -- Gelon, Son of Heiron II, predeceased his father, died in 215 BC |
| 215-214 BC | Hieronymos, Son of Gelon & Grandson of Hieron II |
| 214-212 BC | Fifth Democracy, 214-212 BC. |
| 212 BC and later | Syracuse under the Romans |
| | Magna Graecia Coins of Syracuse, General History |